This research is aimed to determine the levels of the self-conceptions of the female adolescents who live in the orphanages and who do not, and to find out whether the self-conception levels differentiate according to the numbers of the siblings, educational level of the parents, and the reason why these adolescents who stay in the orphanages came to these orphanages. The research was carried out for 100 adult females, 50 of which staying in the orphanage for Females and 50 of which attending high schools located in the center of Kayseri province. At the end of the research, it was found out that there is a meaningful difference between the score averages for the self-conception levels of the female adolescents who live in the orphanages and who do not (p<.05) and that the score averages for the self-conception levels of the female adolescents who live in the orphanages are lower than those who do not.