The subject of our study is "Juvenile Courts in Turkey". We made this study on law sociology. In our study, we questioned if juvenile Courts Law is effective or not in application Besides, we tried to determine the defective regards of this law. Our study consits of two parts. Here, we will show shortly what examined in which part. In the first part, we give general information about juvenile courts. We principally handled the meaning of juvenile courts. Historical development of juvenile courts first appeared in U.S.A. After wards, nearly all countries established them. But in our country, establishment of juvenile courts is quite late. It is seen that establishment of juvenile courts started in 1987, in our country. Currently, there exist four juvenile courts in our country, in Ankara, Istanbul, İzmir and Trabzon. In the second part, we studied the juvenile Courts Law and the situation in application. Inquiry, Conversation and observation methods are used in this study. First of all, Juvenile Courts Law has lots of deficiencies. Besides, existing law text is not completely applied. We defined these points, which we determined in our studies, in detail. Juvenile Courts, in their current situation, can be considered not existing, in our country. The reason of this can be collected under several topics. Firstly, there are no assisting institutions in our country for juvenile courts. This greatly hinders the application of this Law. The reason of this can be said as the financial insuffiency. In addition, the judges in these courts are not specialized on this subject. Unexperienced specialist working in these courts also hinder the application of the Law. Another important point is the inadequate number of the juvenile courts. Because of this, courts have to settle more than 1000 trials, on avarage, par year. This prevents courts from dealing with children one-by- one. Insufficient number of specialist working in the courts, can not make their duties under this condition.120 Our study ends with the conclusion part which includes summirles of the parts, evulation and recommendations. In order to ensure real existance of juvenile courts in our country, firstly in adequency of the law must be removed. Secondly, assisting institutions for the juvenile courts must be established soon. Besides, experienced staff for the subject must be trained. Number of child courts must be increased, in addition to these. But this must not be done by establishing juvenile courts more than necessary. But here exist no financial power and judges for this purpose while establishing courts, number of child criminals must be considered first. Besides, regions where more crimes are commited should also be regarded.